, Helvetischer Almanach für das Jahr 1812. , Frankfurt: Campus Verlag 1988, 239–262, 258. Moreover, they also wanted to rectify the lack of qualied maids, as well as to pro-, fessionalise and, at the same time, upgrade the status of domestic and, do with the idea that Swiss homes should be prevented from being over-, run with ‘foreign’ maids. According to my mother, the ideas asso-. 2012, 639–702, 680; Joris, Die Schweizer Hausfrau: Genese eines Mythos, in Brändli, Festschrift für Rudolf Braun zum 60. (1 August 2017). This is not an, Without female students from the Tsarist Empire, equality at the universities progressed, isolated case; other similar examples concerning these two women could. This right to education was not, however, fought for by Swiss women. Her pioneering role as a female mathemati-. She answered: “But why not? the largest group of immigrants in Switzerland. Ein Leistungsziel gewählt werden, aus den Leitzielen 6 und 7 kann wahlweise mind. Eine Fallstudie zu sozialen, Die Schweiz anderswo. This is even more regrettable, as it is otherwise a valuable book: Kristina Schulz, Sarah. Koch- und Haushaltungskunde nebst einem Anhang über die Aufgabe, It was sometimes also claimed that Swiss men pre-, Die Einführung der obligatorischen Haushaltungsschule, Hausarbeit als Beruf – eine Historisierung, Schweiz im Wandel. This can be shown, for instance, in a report published in a Swiss magazine, racy’, it is reported that—in the context of the imminent independence—, an aid organisation (the later NGO Helvetas) had invited twelve Nigerian, students to Switzerland to teach them about democracy. Eine rekonstruktive Studie über Geschlecht und Professionalität, Christian Imdorf, Die Diskriminierung ‘ausländischer’ Jugendlicher bei der, According to a new study concerning Switzerland, young men who rst express typi-, cally male career aspirations and later work in a eld that is considered to be typically, female seem to dispose of a particularly high level of resources. Canadian Journal of African Studies/Revue. First, this book intends to bring attention to a group of Chinese immigrant women scientists and engineers who have been overlooked despite the increasingly significant roles they play in the transnational science and engineering communities. historical perspective that we can recognise how profoundly the social. By the middle of the nineteenth century. The resulting oppressive. Thomas Held and René Levy, Die Stellung der Frau in Familie und Gesellschaft. also including some women of ‘foreign’ origin living in Switzerland. For exam-, ple, the following was written in this context: ‘Emigration was not only a, mean of stabilising the size of the population, it also stabilised the back-. relationships built up between the local population and the newcomers. In a report published in 1976 by the ‘Federal Advisor, Commission for the Foreigner Problem’, it was acknowledged, for, instance, that the employment rate among married foreign women was, relatively high. ‘Krimskrams’. Moreover, when, studying emigration, its colonial contexts and, in particular, their rela-. My . the largest group of immigrants in Switzerland. Die Schweiz als Zuucht und Wirkungsstätte von Slaven im 19. und. For instance, when, certain privileges intersect with specic forms of discrimination, the, resulting situations offer the potential for new social and political con-. She was born in Moscow and. Teil III: Recht. to use railway stations as meeting points, E.H., Briefe an die NZZ. After her Ph.D., she was unable to nd a teaching position. (*1918) - eine Österreicherin fordert das Stimmrecht, in Bräuniger, Beiträge zur Geschichte der Frauen im Appenzellerland, Brigitte Studer, Citizenship as Contingent National Belonging: Married W, Statement made by her daughter in a personal conversation, 23 December 2014: “Was, eigentlich den Ausschlag gab, dass sie für das Frauenstimmrecht kämpfte, war, dass sie das. However, according to Goel, these stories could also be told, in a different way: strong women forged their own path—and their hus-, bands joined in. She was born in Moscow and. 44 BBV). It is found that traditional ideas about gender roles, discourses about ethnic difference, and discriminatory migration policies intersect to create boundaries for skilled migrant women in accessing upper segments of the Swiss labour market. condensed form in the following texts: Francesca Falk, Marignano da, Migration dort. Schweizer Ortstermine in Sachen Sklaverei, What we see here is a prototypical situation in which the. also including some women of ‘foreign’ origin living in Switzerland. In this way, only private, but also structural conditions. Fremde Länder zu gehen.’ Notizen zur Emigration der Tessiner in der frühen Neuzeit, XVI–XIX), Col bastone e la bisaccia per le strade d‘Europa. According to one. Sie ist sehr sprachbegabt, sie konnte auch umstellen, sie konnte mehr. (23 June 2016) as well as Elisabeth Joris and Katrin Rieder, Not in our name, in. As a result of. because it follows the logic of the latter instead of exposing it. of migration not only adds new insights to an established body of work, but changes the perspective under which our past and thus also our pres-, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01626-5_7, Equal rights are often presented as being endangered by migration. In regard, to highly skilled ‘migrant’ women in Switzerland, Yvonne Riaño has, shown, for instance, that traditional ideas about gender roles, discourses, about ethnic difference, and discriminator, and hinder these women from accessing the upper segments of the Swiss, labour market. They argued that the village community was legally authorised to set up, its voting register. See also the ongoing dissertation by Safa Elisa Shaukat, poraire et politiques migratoires en Europe: le cas des ‘saisonnier, specically for ‘migrant’ children, in part because some nurseries had to, At the same time, the actual numbers of ‘migrant’ children in, nurseries show that it was quite common for a high percentage of the, nursery clients to be of ‘foreign’ origin. For them, ‘[m]igration, therefore, does not always imply, empowerment and emancipation, but also generates new forms of social, those migrations that benet the receiving society. / 01.12. According to Katharina Walgenbach, the German colonies were there-, fore less places of women’s liberation than scenes of subordination of the, racialized other. Notizen zur Emigration der Tessiner in der frühen Neuzeit, in Jaritz and Müller, Patrizia Audenino and Paola Corti, Il mondo diviso. Against this backdrop, it comes as no surprise that Hardegger saw the, independence of Lesotho in 1966 critically and returned to Switzerland. the intermediate level between mandatory schooling, and university—needed geometry. to take up residence, they would sometimes live with a Swiss family dur-, ing the week and stay with their parents only on weekends. In fact, the ‘contribution of migration to the creation of new ideas (not. In our cooking lessons, we, usually prepared an appetiser, a main course and a dessert, whereas in, to such a heavy meal, I almost fell asleep in the geometry lessons that, It is very interesting to analyse the historical contexts that led to the, introduction of domestic education in Swiss schools. A somewhat similar situation was also created by the migration, of nurses from Kerala to Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. /// Der Verfasser untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Bildung und Gesellschaft, um eine Erklärung für die gesellschaftlichen Faktoren zu finden, die die schulische Entwicklung in der Schweiz beeinflussen. Eine soziologische Untersuchung der Lebens- und, A Mother’s Job: The History of Day Care, 1890–1960, , Zürich: Chronos 2005, 257–265. Both interviews were done in Italian. Gestartet ist der Auftritt mit einer Kampagne für Quereinsteigende. Berufe mit Perspektiven. In contrast to Hirschman’s work, how-, Not every form of mobility can be called migration. slightly modied re-publication of the article can be found online at Francesca Falk, Ausschaffungen, den “Austausch mit Afrika”, Alltagsrassismus und die Angst vor der. Her mother came from a French, Huguenot family (her mother also had a Danish father) and her father, from a Swiss family living in Russia. Keywords:Europe; feminization; international migration; nineteenth century; problematization; twentieth century. In what follows, see the highly interesting article by Vreni Mock, Ottilia Paky-Sutter. Two experiences of, tion—and such internal migration is often neglected in historical research—, from one of the biggest cities in Switzerland to a rural area, which led to an, intensive experience of discrimination. In fact, since, it was in Paris that the rst public nursery was established in 1844, it can, not be ruled out that people coming to Switzerland from places where, nurseries had been created may have acted as brokers in the transnational, already at that time ‘foreign’ children were placed in nurseries more often. Später kam das Problem der alleinstehenden Mütter, die, um zu überleben, auswärts. temporaries, historians adopted these opinions as their own and thus, by extension, the view that emigration had reinforced the bad position. Just a few years later, the situation changed com-, she married an Austrian. Stein was also a ‘migrant’. At the same time, they needed to be perceived as coming from the inside in order to be, We can nd a similar situation in the even more conservative, Appenzell Innerrhoden. The ‘problem’, however, is not migration itself, but rather the, enabling conditions of our political and economic system, for instance in, regard to the inequality under which most South–North migration takes, A sedentary bias can also be found in academic approaches to migra-, tion. not only be brought to the fore where its inuence is obvious. that concern them’ and in doing so to strengthen their struggle. When she was, already married and the mother of a little boy, she met some refugees. Taking a broad de-, nition of migration, the editors welcome books that consider all forms, forced migration. Der Schweizerische V, Führende Frauen Europas. Instead, all elds of society have to be looked at differently: democracy, agricul-, ture, or, as is the case here, gender equality, ily a history of migration, which can be found in books that specically, address this topic, but a ‘migrantisation’ of our understanding of the, the point of view of a sedentary bias, then it inevitably becomes some-, thing that ‘needs to be xed’ by a certain set of policies: ‘The repres-, sive variant is tight border control, the more liberal one is addressing the, “root causes” of migration—especially poverty and violence in origin, Some of the thoughts I am developing here have already been presented in a very. Studien zur. This, in turn, can differ depending on. One of the most important strengths of such, an approach is the possibility of switching between the roles of the inter-, ested but relatively silent listener, the involved, committed interlocutor, how the interviewees experienced historical change, but also how they, give their lives meaning in the present, deciding on what to include in, and exclude from their account. Migration aus biographischer Perspektive. First, she, became part of the local women’s group of the Social Democratic Par, know people on the same wavelength, since—according to her—there, were not many of them where we lived. Just a few years later, the situation changed com-, she married an Austrian. A Swiss Woman’s Shifting Identity in British. , London: Cornell University Press 1988, 2. für Frauenfragen, Eidgenössische Drucksachen und Materialzentrale 1979, 19. Empfehlungen. development. in this, publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specic statement, that such names are. For instance, this book gives various, examples that show how the existence of privilege and discrimination, can generate social change. Das schweizerische Frauenstudium und seine, Der Eigensinn des Material: Erkundungen sozialer, , N Tumarkin 1/2, letter of her nephew Moura, Unterbrochene Tradition. be helpful in later stages of life, which are also associated with the loss. indigenous peoples living there—above all the Sioux. migration as rst and foremost a ‘problem’. 4, 2–4, 4. Many other elds would be worth-, toriographical discourses which predominantly frame migration as a, problem to be tackled neglect the historical evidence for sociopolitical. mit Mitgliedern verschiedener Frauenvereine (Gemeinnütziger Frauenverein, Lehrerinnen-. As the political par-. Sozialgeschichte und Arbeiterbewegung, 1848–1998, 1997, 155–161. Shifting Identity in British Southern Africa, in Purtschert and Fischer-Tiné, Switzerland. Married female teachers were often let go because they were seen as pro-. A, http://iae-journal.zhdk.ch/les/2012/12/, Zwischen Hausrat und Rathaus. On the, national level, in 1959 women’s right to vote was rejected by a two-thirds, rights earlier (in particular the year 1958 is seen as the ofcial date of female. Caregiver insightfulness, or caregiver ability to understand “motives underlying the child's behavior in a complete, open, and accepting way” (D. Oppenheim, D. Goldsmith, & N. Koren-Karie, 2004, p. 352) was assessed at two time points with 21 new caregivers at two. This right to education was not, however, fought for by Swiss women. / 01.12. Brigit Langenegger, Zur Geschichte des Handarbeitsunterrichts, in Kink and Kuster. Her career culminated with an appointment, in 1944, to, the chair of ordinary professor of higher geometr, and actuarial sciences, which she held for nearly thirty years. Francesca Falk and Peppina Beeli, Regina Wecker im Gespräch, Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Geschichte, Such an interrelation between migration and sociopolitical innovation can, be observed not only in the case of female suf, debate on how decisively the labour movement in Switzerland was inu. An Interdisciplinary Journal of Transnational Cultural Studies. , Basel and Frankfurt am Main: Helbing und Lichtenhahn 1990, Der Hauswirtschaftsunterricht und seine Integration in die Volksschule, Der Grenzdienst der Schweizerin 1914–1918. You do not have permission under this license to. the Territorialization of National Identity Among Scholars and Refugees, in Their Place. Elisabeth wrote in 1973: ‘Personally, I have recently, been demoted from a full-citizen in the Canton of Zurich to a 2/3 citi-. Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, in Hoerder and Kaur, Migrations. Das abenteuerliche Leben der ersten, , Bern: Universitätsarchiv Bern 2000; Franziska Rogger, Anna, , Bern: Stämpi Verlag 2011, 448–449; Rogger and, Ganz Europa blickt auf uns! Claudia Galimberti, Un cuore pensante. In her city of origin, she partic-. After her Ph.D., she went to Berlin for a three-year research stay with Wilhelm Dilthey, and other professors. Sibylle Hardmeier, Neue Mobilisierungsstrategien und die Petition von 1929, in SVF, Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, cal discourses which predominantly frame migration as a problem to be, tackled, neglect the historical evidence for sociopolitical innovation that, can, at times, result from international, transnational, internal, and even, indirect experiences of migration. She had in fact spent her, whole professional life as a chief laboratory technician at the Women’s, Hospital Zurich. The fact that I was, to combine a biographical interview with a thematic exper. nomics was supposed to teach order, cleanliness, economy and diligence. Stroemfeld 2007, 151–168; and Heinrich Barth. Die Broschüre ist kostenpflichtig und kann beim Verband bestellt werden. Christine Zollinger and Thomas Widmer, V. Municipalities: Bounded Possibilities for Gender Equality and Social Cohesion, in Liebig. Aseptischer Verbandwechsel der Punktionsstelle eines suprapubischen Blasenkatheters gender history (and more general gender studies). 9/11 und die Folgen, in. Wishing to devote her-, self to teaching, she undertook pedagogical training, but, in contrast, to the Soviet Union, Neuchâtel at that time did not allow women to, teach mathematics at the secondary level. See, for instance, the statement that in these boom years, the opportunity to, live on a single income made the employment of women optional. In this context, she co-authored a list of publications by Swiss women. Fachfrau / Fachmann Betreuung (FaBe) Die Berufslehre Fachfrau / Fachmann Betreuung ist eine dreijährige berufliche Grundbildung. Ruth Nattermann, Frauen in der, europäischen Friedensbewegung. The, collection of signatures was intended to exert moral, but not direct, political pressure. Walter Leimgruber has repeatedly stressed the importance of such a perspective. If material is not included in the chapter’s Creative Commons, sions of work. The law of 1971 ‘extended the maternity-leave provisions rst introduced in the 1950s, granting women giving birth ve months’ leave at 80 percent of their salaries and the, option of staying out for up to a year at 30 percent’. Currently, the UK is among the main destinations for international students, with 253,845 student visas issued in the UK in 2010, with a further 31,770 for dependents (McNeil 2011). In everyday language, migration is often understood as a move-, ment that involves a crossing of national borders. In 1851, Amand Goegg. not uncommon among working female academics. else could have given me this assignment. Of course, Italian laws were not more progressive in ever, aspect. This kind of protest, was considered as legitimate by the local population. American women had pursued in their campaign to gain the vote. In such interviews, the course of the conversation is shaped interactively, so to speak ‘step by step’. On the other, movement describes the, desire for change and the organisations and alliances of people working, change that this book analyses. It wasn’t just my mother who noticed this. Boston: Houghton Mifin 1987, 375–396, 375. Was für eine Wirkung hatte ihr Kampf und wie sieht der lange xenophobe Schatten aus, aus dem sie hinaustraten?